Detailed explanation of fabric three-proof (waterproof, oilproof and antistatic) finishing process
Abstract: This article focuses on cotton and polyester-cotton workwear The principles of fabric three-proofing (waterproof, oil-proof, anti-fouling) plus easy decontamination finishing, quality standard requirements, entire process, and product protection function indicators achieved through testing. At the same time, the impact of related additives on functions during finishing and the optimal process plan for selection were analyzed.
Keywords: cotton, polyester-cotton, waterproof, oil-proof, anti-fouling, easy to remove and finish
1 Foreword
Functional fabrics have expanded their range of uses due to their multiple protective functions, especially the protective and health-care properties that have beneficial effects on the human body. Therefore, the demand for functional fabrics has increased year by year in recent years. . Over the years, our company has produced a series of workwear fabrics with various functions for domestic and foreign customers. The main varieties include cotton, polyester-cotton, polyester-covered cotton and other woven fabrics, such as: cotton, polyester-cotton, three-proof and easy-to-contaminate finishing. The fabric requirements are: waterproof, oil-proof, anti-fouling and easy to remove. The customer’s protective finishing requirements for this product are as follows:
Waterproof: 90-100 minutes initially, 70 minutes after 10 washes
Oil-proof: Initial Level 6 Wash 10 times Level 3
Anti-fouling: Initial Level 4 Wash 10 times Level 3
Easy to remove stains: initial level 4
Wash 10 times, level 3-4
2 Basic Principles
2.1 The mechanism of three-proof finishing
2.1.1Design principles of waterproof and breathable fabrics
Waterproof and breathable fabrics mainly utilize the relationship between the small diameter of external water droplets (20-100 um) and the diameter of human moisture molecules (0.0003-100 um) The difference allows the structural gaps of the fabric to prevent the entry of small water droplets from the outside and allow human sweat to be emitted through the fabric. According to the waterproof and breathable mechanism of fabrics, waterproof and breathable fabrics can be designed and produced from the following aspects: high-density fabrics, coated fabrics, laminated fabrics and fabrics for functional finishing of textiles
It can be seen from the basic principles of three-proof finishing: Three-proof finishing uses the action of finishing agents to reduce the fiber surface tension, which is lower than that of water and oil stains. surface tension to achieve the purpose of three defenses.
2.2 Anti-fouling finishing
Synthetic fibers such as polyester are hydrophobic and lipophilic fibers, which are particularly easy to stain. Oil stains are difficult to wash off after being stained.
And re-contamination often occurs during repeated washing processes. This phenomenon also occurs when washing blended fabrics. After the cotton fiber is treated with anti-wrinkle resin, the hydroxyl groups are blocked to a certain extent, the hydrophilicity is reduced, and staining will also occur. The purpose of antifouling finishing is to improve these shortcomings.
Anti-fouling finishing is called SR finishing abroad. SR finishing has two meanings. One is easy to remove dirt (Soil
Release) finishing,
One is Soil Repellent finishing. Later, on the basis of fluorine-containing stain-repellent finishing agents, hydrophilic groups were introduced and developed to have the dual functions of stain-repelling and improving grease shedding properties.
2.2.1Main sources of fabric stains
The composition of oil pollution is very complex and can be roughly divided into three categories:
(1) Solid particle dirt (such as soot, soil, rust, etc.);
(2) Oil and fatty substances (such as machine oil, beef tallow, indoor cooking grease, fat excreted from the body, etc.);
(3) Water-soluble substances (cosmetics, ink, coffee, etc.).
2.2.2 There are generally three ways of contamination on fabrics:
(1) Physical contact: For example, the cuffs and collars of clothes are often in contact with the skin and are easily contaminated with fat and dirt. Hydrophobic and lipophilic fibers are more likely to be contaminated. Sewage. p; Antifouling Level 3
Easy to decontaminate Level 4 Easy to decontaminate Level 3-4
(2)
T/C20×16 128×60
Initial: waterproof 100 points After washing 10 times: waterproof 70-80 points
Oil-proof Level 6 Oil-proof Level 3
Anti-fouling Level 5 Anti-fouling Level 3
Easy to decontaminate Level 4 Easy to decontaminate Level 3-4
Passed inspection: all functional indicators meet customer requirements;
Dye fastness: all meet the national standard.
5 Conclusion
Three-proof finishing uses the action of finishing agents to reduce the surface tension of the fiber, which is lower than the surface tension of water and oil stains,
It has water-repellent and oil-repellent properties to achieve three-proof purposes. Through process optimization, HPC-6 three-proof finishing agent and easy decontamination are selected
Finishing agent CP-R (or three-proof finishing agent EASY easy decontamination finishing agent GA-2) can reach a balance point where three-proofing and easy decontamination interfere with each other, thereby achieving Product functional finishing requirements.
After finishing, the dyeing color fastness all reaches the national standard, and all functional indicators can meet the requirements.
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