Complete knowledge of fur dyeing auxiliaries
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Surfactant coloring additives
Surfactants are an important class of chemical materials with unique structures and properties. They are widely used in daily life and industrial production. They are used in chemicals such as degreasing agents for fur finishing, soaking aids, and leveling agents. Contains surfactants.
Surfactants that can play a leveling role are called leveling agents or coloring aids. Surfactants as coloring aids mainly have the following functions during coloring:
①Improve the wetting and permeability of the dye liquor to the fibers, and evenly melt and disperse insoluble dyes such as disperse dyes;
② Manipulate the dye molecules to slowly contact with the dyed object, that is, slow dyeing;
③ Transfer the dye from the dark-colored part to the light-colored part;
④ Solid color.
In the dyeing process, the application of surfactant surface activity is mainly to improve the wetting and permeability of the dye liquor to the fiber, and other properties are derived properties. When coloring with insoluble dyes, only a small amount of the dye is dissolved in water in the form of molecules, and more dye is wrapped or adsorbed in the micelles formed by the surfactant. There is a dynamic equilibrium between the dye molecules distributed in the solution in a molecular state and the dye molecules in the micelles. During coloring, the dye molecules dissolved in the water are adsorbed by the fiber and gradually diffuse into the fiber. The balance of the coloring system shifts accordingly. During the entire coloring process, the micelle formed by the surfactant is like a small micelle. The dye warehouse continuously delivers dye molecules to the dye bath at a moderate speed.
Leveling agents include fiber-friendly, dye-friendly, and both. The fiber-friendly leveling agent acts as a colorless dye and competes with dye molecules for the coloring position on the fiber in the early stages of coloring. Because the leveling agent molecules are small and penetrate quickly, they penetrate into the fiber first and occupy the dye position on the fiber. The dye molecules are large, and although the leisure speed is slower, they have greater affinity for the fiber, so the dye molecules can eventually absorb the dye. The leveling agent molecules attached to the fibers are gradually replaced. This process delays the dyeing time, thereby achieving the purpose of slow dyeing and level dyeing. The dye-friendly leveling agent has a greater affinity for dye molecules. After the leveling agent is added to the dye bath, the dye molecules are attracted to the leveling agent molecules, making it difficult for the dye molecules to approach the fiber, thereby slowing down the dyeing speed and achieving For the purpose of leveling. Also due to the strong attraction of the leveling agent to the dye molecules, the dye in the dense color part can be pulled back into the dye bath, and then dyed in the light part to achieve the purpose of dye migration.
Color fixation is to prevent and reduce color fading. Surfactants with color-fixing properties are called color-fixing agents. The fixing principle of the fixing agent is to use a substance with an opposite charge to the dye and the dye to form an insoluble precipitate, that is, co-precipitation, to fix the dye on the dyed object, thereby achieving the purpose of color fixation.
The evolution of coloring auxiliaries
Through the analysis of the action mechanism of salts and active agent coloring auxiliaries, they all achieve the effects of retarding dyeing, transferring dyeing or promoting dyeing by neutralizing the effect of dyes or fibers in the dye bath, and improve It improves the uniformity and fullness of coloring, improves the absorption rate of dyes, and increases the fastness of coloring.
In the early coloring and finishing, people have been using salt coloring additives. It was not until the 1930s that surfactants formed an industry, and much later they were applied to fabrics as coloring additives. industry, and then was cited into the fur coloring industry, coloring auxiliaries have undergone revolutionary changes.
In application, people found that surfactant coloring additives can completely replace salt coloring additives, and the effect is much better. With the continuous research and development of fur-specific chemical material manufacturers, functional surfactant coloring auxiliaries continue to emerge, giving leveling agents new functions on the basis of leveling, such as: deepening the coat, making the skin The emergence of new materials has improved the coloring quality of fur, such as lightening the board, increasing the glossiness of the coat, increasing the synchronization of coloring, etc. In addition, it is well known that salts can cause water pollution. In recent years, salt coloring additives have gradually withdrawn from the stage of fur coloring.
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