Optimize carding equipment to improve yarn quality
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With the progress of the cotton textile industry and the advancement of science and technology, various differentiated spinning fibers have been developed, and various new cotton textile yarn products have been developed in endlessly. Practice has proven that the carding process, as the heart of spinning, is particularly important in improving the quality of differential chemical fiber yarns. In particular, the selection and supporting use of special carding equipment for each part of the carding machine has attracted great attention from the industry. . After several years of exploration and practice, our company has summarized a set of its own production experience in terms of the selection of carding equipment, process configuration and impact on product quality in the development of products based on differential chemical fiber fibers.
Practice has proved that since the basic properties of various chemical fiber raw materials are very different, the first thing to consider on the carding machine is whether it can produce normally, and there should be no tangled cylinders, difficulty in doffer transfer, sagging of the cotton web, or poor quality of the cotton web. , difficulties in forming strips and other phenomena. Therefore, the selection of carding equipment must consider not only the quality, but also the applicability of various fibers to ensure normal production. Through long-term experiments, our company’s carding equipment selection depends on the manufacturer, mainly card clothing from Nantong Jinlun, Swiss Graf, Japan Kanai and other manufacturers; we also have some mature experience in the selection of carding equipment specifications.
Cylinder card clothing
Cylinder card clothing is the key to all equipment of the entire carding machine. It is responsible for the main function of carding. Therefore, great attention should be paid to the selection of cylinder card clothing, including the material, specifications and models of cylinder card clothing. The card clothing processing technology, etc., must not only meet the development requirements of high-speed and high-output carding machines, but also adapt to the production requirements of diversified varieties.
In terms of card clothing specifications, although we produce differential chemical fiber fibers, we insist on mainly using cotton-type card clothing. Its technical characteristics must meet the basic requirements of “short, shallow, sharp, thin, dense, and small”, generally 20 series , the tooth density is controlled at no less than 800 teeth/square inch, the base thickness of the teeth is 0.4~0.5 mm, the working angle is generally controlled at 60 degrees, and the transverse tooth density should be adopted to fully comb and mix the fibers, and completely Reduce the amount of bundled fibers and improve the single fiber state of the fibers. In this case, the various indicators of the finished yarn are relatively good, especially the indicators such as neps and yarn defects, the changes are more obvious. Table 1 is the comparative test data tested when using cylinder card clothing of different specifications.
It can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1 that under the same production conditions, when the density of cylinder card clothing increases relatively, the yarn amount + 200% neps and A1 defects are more than half lower than those under other conditions. , it can be seen that cylinder card clothing has a particularly great impact on the carding effect of such fibers.
Flat card clothing
The selection of flat card clothing should match the cylinder card clothing. It is necessary to ensure the hardness and wear resistance of the tip of the flat card clothing, and at the same time ensure the bending resistance of the combing needle to avoid damage caused by the carding process. The card clothing is straightened and the card clothing is damaged. The dense type is adopted in the arrangement of needles, and the dense type is generally used, with the density mostly being 340 to 420 needles/square inch. Table 2 is a comparative test conducted by our company on selecting flat card clothings of different specifications. From the test results, it can be seen that an appropriate increase in flat density will have a positive effect on the improvement of yarn quality.
Doffer card clothing
Under normal circumstances, doffer card clothing adopts a small craft angle to facilitate the transfer and stripping of fibers, and a relatively slightly higher arc tooth shape is selected for the height of the needle teeth to increase the capacity of the fibers between the teeth and increase the impact on the fibers. The holding force thereby improves the transfer of fibers and at the same time guides the airflow generated by the high-speed rotation of the cylinder. For differential chemical fiber fibers with poor relative cohesion between fibers, in order to effectively improve fiber transfer, the currently introduced doffer card clothing with grooves on the side is being gradually used. For this kind of card clothing, our company has also conducted relevant research. experiment (see Table 3). Using grooved card clothing, the yarn performance index has been significantly improved compared to the original, especially +200% neps and A1 defects. Practice has proven that this type of card clothing has a more obvious effect on cohesive fibers. The original phenomenon of cotton mesh falling out of the doffer triangle area can be well solved, thus reducing the occurrence of defects such as uneven sliver and thick details.
Additional carding elements
The additional carding elements mainly include front and rear fixed cover plates and carding plates. After using the above additional carding elements, the carding machine can obtain particularly good carding effects. This is also the current development direction of high-yield carding machines. . When installing the front and rear fixed covers, a cotton mesh cleaner should be added to increase the fiber carding effect and the discharge of short lint. When producing different fiber fibers, the needle density of additional carding elements is selected. The front fixed cover is generally controlled at 400-600 teeth/square inch, the rear fixed cover is generally controlled at 200-300 teeth/square inch, and the pre-carding plate Generally, it is better to use 50 teeth. The density of the rear fixed cover is small, which facilitates carding of large bundles of fibers. When the fibers enter the front fixed cover, most of the fibers areDue to the single fiber state, relatively fine carding is required at this time, so the density of the front fixed cover should be relatively large, and the carding distance should be relatively small. For our company’s model, since it was originally equipped with front and rear fixed covers, we conducted a large number of tests on the selection of its density. The test results are shown in Table 4.
When other experimental conditions remain unchanged, adjusting the density of the front and rear fixed covers also has a particularly large impact on the quality of the yarn.
Lick-in roller card clothing
When choosing a licker-in saw blade, you should mainly pay attention to the size of the working angle. The dimension of the differential chemical fiber produced is generally larger, which is beneficial to reducing damage to the fiber and holding it. On the current high-yield carding machine , many manufacturers have adopted self-locking racks to strengthen the grip of fibers and cotton bundles and improve fiber transfer. At the same time, the rack can be adjusted in transverse density, thereby reducing the impact on the cylinder clothing.
After passing the above various tests, the matching information of various carding equipment selected for the different chemical fiber fibers produced by our company is summarized in Table 5.
With the rapid development of the fabric industry, various new fabric fibers are emerging one after another, and a large number of these new fibers are not as spinnable as traditional cotton fibers or conventional chemical fibers. When selecting machine models, special equipment, and card clothing preparation, we must take into consideration the varieties and ensure that the workshop work is easy to do; we must also continuously optimize the process to ensure that one configuration of card clothing can meet the needs of producing multiple varieties at the same time. requirements. The selection of different chemical fiber carding equipment not only ensures effective carding, but also ensures smooth transfer of fibers. The density of card clothing is generally controlled on the large side. After the carding equipment is determined, the carding process is particularly critical and is also an important means to improve product quality. Reasonable maintenance of carding equipment is the basis for producing different chemical fiber fibers, so the management and maintenance of carding equipment cannot be ignored. The continuous emergence of new differential chemical fiber fibers has also put forward higher requirements for the current research and development of carding equipment of our textile machinery manufacturers. (Luoshuhua, Huayuan Ecology, Texas)
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