Fabrics of Textile Materials (2): General Fabrics and Names
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1. Woven fabrics
1. Classification and naming according to fabric finishing system
(1) Cotton and cotton-type fabrics
Cotton fabric, also known as cotton cloth, is a woven fabric made of cotton yarn as raw material. There are many ways to classify it.
According to printing and dyeing finishing and appearance color: natural cotton cloth, dyed cotton cloth, printed cotton cloth and yarn-dyed cotton cloth.
According to spinning finishing: combed cotton and carded cotton.
Classified by fabric structure, yarn type and thickness, fabric appearance and use:
a) Plain cloth, a plain cloth woven with cotton yarn. The warp and weft yarns above 32tex are called coarse plain cloth (coarse cloth), and the warp and weft yarns between 22 and 30tex are called medium plain cloth (commercial cloth or plain cloth). The warp and weft yarns below 19tex are called fine plain cloth (fine cloth)
b) Spun yarn, plain weave fabric woven with extra fine combed yarn of 6-10tex
c) Poplin, a fine, high-density plain or jacquard cotton fabric
d) Bali yarn, also known as “glass yarn”, is a thin plain weave fabric woven with fine extra strong twisted yarn
e) Khaki, high-density twill fabric
f) Cotton serge adopts reinforced twill weave, with a loose structure and soft texture
g) Drikong and Henggong, both are satin cotton fabrics
h) Linen yarn, a plain weave structure woven from medium-fine cotton yarn with high twist
i) Oxford spinning, or combed cotton, uses combed fine spun yarns as double warps and thicker weft yarns to make warp-heavy flat or square weave fabrics
j) Corduroy, also known as cotton velvet, is generally a raised weft fabric
k) Others: There are various products such as velveteen, flannel, denim, seersucker, etc.
(2) Wool and wool-type fabrics
Woolen fabrics are commercially referred to as “wool fabrics”. It is a fabric woven from animal hair and wool-type chemical fibers.
There are many classification methods for woolen fabrics: according to the coloring form, they can be divided into strip dyeing, yarn (thread) dyeing, and piece-dyed fabrics; according to production technology and business habits, they can be divided into worsted woolen fabrics and woolen woolen fabrics; and according to raw materials and Methods for classifying fabric uses.
Worsted wool fabric: a fabric woven from worsted wool yarn, also known as worsted woolen fabric. The main varieties are: Fanzhanding, Palisi, gabardine, serge, Shawei, tribute, women’s clothing, tweed, etc.
Woolen fabric: A fabric woven from woolen yarn, also known as woolen woolen fabric. The main varieties are: Melton, coat tweed, uniform tweed, navy tweed, student tweed, ladies’ tweed, flannel, tweed, labor tweed, etc.
(3) Silk and silk fabrics
Silk fabrics are commercially referred to as “silk”. The fabric woven with mulberry silk as raw material is called real silk; the fabric woven with tussah silk as raw material is called tussah silk. Both real silk and tussah silk are filament fabrics, which can be divided into two types: raw silk and cooked silk. Raw silk refers to unrefined cocoon silk, while cooked silk refers to refined cocoon silk. Cooked silk is of higher quality than raw silk. The fabric in which the following byss is cut, spun into yarn and then woven into is called silk fabric. In addition, there are interwoven silks interlaced with various chemical fiber filaments.
It can be subdivided into 14 categories: silk, spun, crepe, silk, satin, brocade, silk, damask, yarn, Luo, silk, kudzu, velvet and woolen.
(4) Linen and linen fabrics
According to the raw materials used, there are ramie fabrics, linen fabrics, jute fabrics, hemp fabrics, cotton and linen interwoven fabrics, and hemp blended chemical fiber fabrics.
According to the finishing method: there are two types: handmade linen (linen) and woven linen.
2. According to fabric structure
(1) Original weave fabric: The original weave is also called the basic weave, including plain weave, twill weave and satin weave.
(2) Changed weave fabric: There are plain weave, twill weave and satin weave change weave.
(3) Joint organization fabric: A joint organization is a new organization composed of two or more organizations.
(4) Complex tissue fabric: composed of one set of warp yarns and two sets of weft yarns, or two sets of warp yarns and one set of weft yarns, or two or more sets of warp yarns and two or more sets of weft yarns.
(5) Textured fabric: jacquard weave.
2. Knitted fabrics
1. According to the forming method: warp knitted fabrics, weft knitted fabrics
2. According to the form of finished fabrics: knitted fabrics, natural cotton fabrics, knitted fabrics formed or semi-formed products
3. Nonwoven fabrics
1. According to the formation method of fiber network,
(1) Dry-laid nonwovens: mechanically laid nonwovens, air-laid nonwovens
(2) Polymer extrusion nonwovens: spunlaid nonwovens, meltblown nonwovens, electrospinning nonwovens, film split nonwovens
(3) Wet-laid nonwovens
2. According to fiber mesh reinforcement methods
(1) Mechanical reinforcement method: needle-punched non-woven fabrics, stitch-bonded non-woven fabrics, spun-spun non-woven fabrics
(2) Chemical bonding method: impregnation nonwoven fabric�Spray method nonwoven fabrics, foam method nonwoven fabrics, printed bonding method nonwoven fabrics.
(3) Thermal bonding method: hot air bonding method nonwoven fabrics, hot rolling method nonwoven fabrics
Fabrics of Fabric Materials (2): General Fabrics and Names
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