New spinning technology of spinning

New spinning technology of spinning

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New spinning technology mainly includes new spinning technology of ring spindle reform and new spinning yarn. The former is an innovation based on the traditional ring spinning machine, but its yarn formation mechanism is still the same as ring spinning, such as siro spinning, serofil spinning, cable spinning, compact spinning, etc. They can also It is said to be a new development in ring spinning technology; the latter also has yarn forming mechanisms that are completely different from ring spinning, such as rotor spinning, air-jet spinning, air-jet vortex spinning, friction spinning, vortex spinning and self-twisting spinning, etc. , they can be further divided into two categories: open-end spinning and non-free-end spinning according to the spinning principle.
The principle of free-end spinning is that during the spinning process, the continuous feeding sliver has a breaking point to form a free end, and the free end rotates with the twister to achieve the purpose of obtaining true twist from the yarn. End spinning methods include rotor spinning, friction spinning, vortex spinning, electrostatic spinning, twist spinning, pinch spinning, etc.; the main difference between non-free-end spinning and open-end spinning is that during the spinning process, the feed product There is no breaking point. Both ends of the sliver are held, and the fibers are held together by means of false twisting, wrapping, bonding, etc., so that the sliver gains strength. Non-free-end spinning includes air-jet spinning, self-twisting spinning, wrap spinning, axial spinning, twistless spinning, etc.
​Compact spinning
Compact spinning can also be called compression spinning, dense spinning, compact spinning or condensed spinning. For various compact spinning devices at home and abroad, although their aggregation methods, structural designs, aggregation effects, etc. are not exactly the same, the yarn forming mechanism is basically the same. In traditional ring spinning, the fiber strips are drawn out from the nip of the front roller. , with a certain width, a twisted triangle area will be formed during twisting, and the fiber tension on the outside and middle of the fiber slivers is uneven. Compact spinning aims to remove the twisted triangle area or make it basically non-existent. Compact spinning is A pair of control roller systems are added to the output end of the front roller to allow the fiber strands to be gathered and then twisted. As shown in Figure 2.1. The more concentrated arrangement of fibers greatly reduces the width of fiber slivers, and the twisting triangle area is reduced or removed, thereby reducing spinning yarn hairiness, flying flowers, broken ends, etc., and improving the quality of spinning yarn.
​Siro spinning
Siro spinning is a new type of spinning that combines spun yarn, doubling yarn, and twisting yarn. It was first used in wool spinning, and later also gradually applied to cotton spinning. Siro spinning is developed on the basis of ring spinning technology. In the process from roving to fine yarn, two rovings are fed in parallel. The two rovings are drawn at a certain distance and twisted separately. It is then plied and further twisted, and the spun yarn has a style close to that of strands.
​Sirofil Spinning
Sirofil spinning is similar to Siro spinning, except that it replaces a roving of Siro spinning with filament, that is, it installs a filament feeding device on the traditional ring spinning machine to make the long yarn When the yarn is fed at the front roller, it maintains a certain distance from the normally drawn slivers, and is combined and twisted into yarn downstream of the nip of the front roller.
​Cable spinning
Cable spinning is a new spinning technology that changes the yarn structure by adding a dividing roller in front of the front nip of the traditional ring spinning machine. The spun yarn has a different spinning structure from the traditional single yarn. Generally, Used in wool spinning and other longer fiber spinning. The spinning process is that when the drafted sliver comes out of the front nip of the spinning machine, a dividing roller divides it into several fiber bundles, and those fiber bundles enter the dividing groove of the dividing roller under the action of spinning tension. Under the action of the internal twisting force of the spinning yarn, it rotates around its own twist center, thus having a certain twist; as the spinning yarn is wound and relaxed, these fiber bundles with a certain twist move downward, After leaving the dividing roller, they converge at a point and then rotate around the twist center of the entire yarn. After twisting twice, a new type of yarn with a special structure different from traditional yarn is formed.
​Rotor spinning
Also known as “air-jet spinning”. One of the most effective methods of open-end spinning. The core is a spinning rotor, and the fiber strips are input from the feed roller and between the plates, and are opened into single fibers by the high-speed small ripping roller (opening roller). The negative air pressure in the spinning cup causes the single fiber to enter the spinning cup through the conveying pipe along with the supplementary air flow. Under the action of the centrifugal force of the high-speed rotation of the cup, it adheres to the cohesion groove at the large inner diameter of the rotor along the perfectly smooth inner wall, forming a Ring fiber strips. When spinning and splicing, the spinning yarn is put in from the yarn feeding tube following the supplementary air flow. Also due to the centrifugal action of the rotor, it is attached to the condensing tank, so that the yarn tail and the fiber strip are connected. When the take-up yarn is pulled out of the spinning cup, the fiber strips leave the cohesion groove with the yarn tail, and are twisted into yarn by the high rotation of the spinning cup at the same time. They are pulled out by the output roller through the twist-stop plate and the take-up yarn tube, and are passed through the groove tube. Drive the bobbin to be wound into a bobbin.
​Air-jet spinning
A non-traditional spinning method. When the fiber sliver is falsely twisted after drafting by using jet airflow, some free fibers at the head end of the fiber sliver are wrapped around the periphery of the fiber sliver for spinning. There are two types: single nozzle and double nozzle type, the latter spinning typeGood quality and stable. The fiber strip is stretched by the drafting device, output from the front roller, passes through the nozzle, the second nozzle, the yarn guide hook, and the yarn guide roller, and is wound into a bobbin by the grooved drum. The vortex rotation direction of the two nozzles is opposite, and the vortex intensity of the second nozzle is greater than that of the nozzle, so that the twist on the yarn strip between the two nozzles can overcome the torque and resistance imposed by the nozzle on the yarn strip, and is transmitted to the nip of the front roller. The free end of the twisted fibers on the periphery of the fiber strip is affected by the nozzle and wrapped around the fiber strip in the opposite direction. The fibers in the twisted yarn core are retreated and twisted through the nozzle, while the wrapped fibers become tighter and tighter during the reverse reeling process. Provide yarn strength and cohesion. Compared with ring spinning, it has the advantages of high output, large packages, and short processes.
​Electrospinning
One of the open-end spinning methods. It consists of fiber opening, conveying, electrostatic cohesion, free end twisting, bobbin winding and other processes. There are two methods for fiber opening and transportation: (1) using roller drafting as the opening mechanism, and fiber transportation using electrostatic field action; (2) using licker-in as the opening mechanism, using airflow to transport cotton fibers, and electrostatic The latter method is commonly used in spinning.
The cotton sliver is input between the cotton feeding roller and the cotton feeding plate, and is opened into single fibers by the high-speed rotating small twisting roller. The cotton sliver is sucked into single fibers by the air flow of the cotton conveying pipe and is composed of high-voltage electrode (+), twister electrode (-) and closed Inside the electrostatic field composed of a cover. Cotton fibers are straightened, arranged and condensed into fiber strips under the action of ionization and polarization. The lead yarn is introduced by the hollow twister and then continuously twists the fibers in the fiber strip. The high-speed rotating twister twists the yarn into yarn and is wound into a bobbin by the grooved drum winding mechanism. Cotton fiber is a poor conductor, and the fibers entering the electrostatic field need to be wetted in advance so that they have a high moisture regain rate. The condensed fiber strips are affected by various resistances and do not rotate freely enough, so the twisting efficiency is low.
​Vortex spinning
One of the open-end spinning methods. The fiber strips are input between the feeding roller and the feeding plate, are opened into fibers by high-speed small twisting rollers, and then enter the static vortex twisting tube tangentially through the conveying pipe with the air flow. The lower part of the vortex twisting tube is connected to the air negative pressure source, and the nozzle and the inner wall of the twisting tube are arranged tangentially. The upward leisure vortex part of the nozzle is weakened by the negative pressure source of the lower air in the tube, so that the fibers entering the twisting tube tangentially spiral along the tube wall, and condense into a rotating fiber ring in the stable vortex field. When the yarn is drawn, the yarn follows the supplementary air flow through the yarn yarn tube, and is connected to the fiber ring under the action of centrifugal force. When the yarn is pulled out from the spinning head, once the fiber ring is cut off, the cut off part of the fiber strip is twisted by the rotating fiber ring to form a yarn, and the groove tube drives the bobbin to be wound into a bobbin.
Friction spinning
It is a method that uses the friction between the surface of the machine part and the surface of the yarn to produce twist into yarn. The more mature ones have dust cage spinning.
​Dust cage spinning
It is also known as (Dreif spinning) a type of friction spinning, mostly collectively called friction spinning, which is a free-end spinning method. The principle is that the fiber strips are loosened into single fibers by the roller, and are blown to the surface of a rotating dust cage by the action of air flow. The distance between a pair of dust cages is very small, and the rotation speed and direction are the same. The fibers rotate with the dust cage. When the layer reaches the triangle area of ​​the two dust cages, it is twisted and twisted by the surfaces of the two dust cages to form yarn. The yarn guide hook guides the yarn roller, and is directly wound into a bobbin by the winding mechanism. New Spinning Technology of Spinning

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